Test that user namespace as a child also propagates correctly.
Create user_A -> user_B, verify when user_B is active that user_A
is also active. This is different from non-user namespace children.

Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
---
 .../selftests/namespaces/ns_active_ref_test.c      | 138 +++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 138 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/ns_active_ref_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/ns_active_ref_test.c
index 4c077223b05c..1eb4dc07e924 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/ns_active_ref_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/ns_active_ref_test.c
@@ -1914,4 +1914,142 @@ TEST(ns_parent_multiple_children_refcount)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Test that user namespace as a child also propagates correctly.
+ * Create user_A -> user_B, verify when user_B is active that user_A
+ * is also active. This is different from non-user namespace children.
+ */
+TEST(ns_userns_child_propagation)
+{
+	struct file_handle *ua_handle, *ub_handle;
+	int ret, pipefd[2];
+	pid_t pid;
+	int status;
+	__u64 ua_id, ub_id;
+	char ua_buf[sizeof(*ua_handle) + MAX_HANDLE_SZ];
+	char ub_buf[sizeof(*ub_handle) + MAX_HANDLE_SZ];
+
+	ASSERT_EQ(pipe(pipefd), 0);
+	pid = fork();
+	ASSERT_GE(pid, 0);
+
+	if (pid == 0) {
+		close(pipefd[0]);
+
+		/* Create user_A */
+		if (setup_userns() < 0) {
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+
+		int ua_fd = open("/proc/self/ns/user", O_RDONLY);
+		if (ua_fd < 0) {
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		if (ioctl(ua_fd, NS_GET_ID, &ua_id) < 0) {
+			close(ua_fd);
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		close(ua_fd);
+
+		/* Create user_B (child of user_A) */
+		if (setup_userns() < 0) {
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+
+		int ub_fd = open("/proc/self/ns/user", O_RDONLY);
+		if (ub_fd < 0) {
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		if (ioctl(ub_fd, NS_GET_ID, &ub_id) < 0) {
+			close(ub_fd);
+			close(pipefd[1]);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		close(ub_fd);
+
+		/* Send both namespace IDs */
+		write(pipefd[1], &ua_id, sizeof(ua_id));
+		write(pipefd[1], &ub_id, sizeof(ub_id));
+		close(pipefd[1]);
+		exit(0);
+	}
+
+	close(pipefd[1]);
+
+	/* Read both namespace IDs - fixed size, no parsing needed */
+	ret = read(pipefd[0], &ua_id, sizeof(ua_id));
+	if (ret != sizeof(ua_id)) {
+		close(pipefd[0]);
+		waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+		SKIP(return, "Failed to read user_A namespace ID");
+	}
+
+	ret = read(pipefd[0], &ub_id, sizeof(ub_id));
+	close(pipefd[0]);
+	if (ret != sizeof(ub_id)) {
+		waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+		SKIP(return, "Failed to read user_B namespace ID");
+	}
+
+	/* Construct file handles from namespace IDs */
+	ua_handle = (struct file_handle *)ua_buf;
+	ua_handle->handle_bytes = sizeof(struct nsfs_file_handle);
+	ua_handle->handle_type = FILEID_NSFS;
+	struct nsfs_file_handle *ua_fh = (struct nsfs_file_handle *)ua_handle->f_handle;
+	ua_fh->ns_id = ua_id;
+	ua_fh->ns_type = 0;
+	ua_fh->ns_inum = 0;
+
+	ub_handle = (struct file_handle *)ub_buf;
+	ub_handle->handle_bytes = sizeof(struct nsfs_file_handle);
+	ub_handle->handle_type = FILEID_NSFS;
+	struct nsfs_file_handle *ub_fh = (struct nsfs_file_handle *)ub_handle->f_handle;
+	ub_fh->ns_id = ub_id;
+	ub_fh->ns_type = 0;
+	ub_fh->ns_inum = 0;
+
+	/* Open user_B before child exits */
+	int ub_fd = open_by_handle_at(FD_NSFS_ROOT, ub_handle, O_RDONLY);
+	if (ub_fd < 0) {
+		waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+		SKIP(return, "Failed to open user_B");
+	}
+
+	waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
+	ASSERT_TRUE(WIFEXITED(status));
+	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
+		close(ub_fd);
+		SKIP(return, "Child failed");
+	}
+
+	/* With user_B active, user_A should also be active */
+	TH_LOG("Testing user_A active when child user_B is active");
+	int ua_fd = open_by_handle_at(FD_NSFS_ROOT, ua_handle, O_RDONLY);
+	ASSERT_GE(ua_fd, 0);
+
+	/* Close user_B */
+	TH_LOG("Closing user_B");
+	close(ub_fd);
+
+	/* user_A should remain active (we hold direct ref) */
+	int ua_fd2 = open_by_handle_at(FD_NSFS_ROOT, ua_handle, O_RDONLY);
+	ASSERT_GE(ua_fd2, 0);
+	close(ua_fd2);
+
+	/* Close user_A - should become inactive */
+	TH_LOG("Closing user_A - should become inactive");
+	close(ua_fd);
+
+	ua_fd = open_by_handle_at(FD_NSFS_ROOT, ua_handle, O_RDONLY);
+	if (ua_fd >= 0) {
+		close(ua_fd);
+		TH_LOG("Warning: user_A still active");
+	}
+}
+
 TEST_HARNESS_MAIN

-- 
2.47.3